Nos

[Nike91]

Il protossido d'azoto è illegale usarlo?cm si ricava?qnt costa?

[BlackRose666]

si è illegale quindi nn do informazioni ahuahuhauhauh

[Lantis]

Sedobren Gocce Risponde:

[obo]

brum brum brum

[Sedobren Gocce]

mmh l'amato protossido d'azoto... formula N2O
a T ambiente è un gas incolore non infiammabile, con un sapore e un odore piacevole, quasi dolce... usato in medicina e odontoiatria come gas anestetico

chiamato anche gas esilarante per i suoi effetti collaterali, ha molti altri usi...

in Italia ora nn so la legge vigente... s trova come propellente nella panna spray... usato come propellente per motori, è considerato illegale il suo uso nella preparazione d motori (non è infiammabile vero, ma è un propellente e quindi se esplode fate un botto da guinness)

il suo uso ricreazionale oltre che illegale in molti stati è anche pericoloso, in alcuni casi mortale... la neurofarmacologia d qst gas è materia complessa, v basti sapere che provoca ipossia (mancanza d ossigeno) se inalato in alte dosi...

saluti

PS: la sua sintesi è materia per gente che sa ma soprattutto fa la chimica... d certo non vengo a spiegarlo al primo che passa... specie se non sa manco cosa sia la sicurezza in un laboratorio...

[Zood]

Il protossido d'azoto è illegale usarlo?cm si ricava?qnt costa?

Perchè continui ad aprire topic del genere qui? -_-

[Sedobren Gocce]

dimenticavo alcune cose:

- gli ossidi di azoto (generalmente indicati con NOx) - tra cui l'ossido di diazoto - sono gas-serra e l'effetto di quest'ultimo è circa 296 volte quello dell'anidride carbonica...
anche gli ossidi di azoto, che sono il risultato, tra le altre sostanze, della combustione dei rifiuti negli impianti di termovalorizzazione, sono pertanto soggetti a restrizioni per ridurre le emissioni di gas-serra nell'atmosfera (si veda il Protocollo di Kyōto)
(da wiki)

- per avere un impianto affidabile, senza perdite (e bombola da 10 Kg nascosta) e con garanzia del rivenditore, si parte dai 1.500 €

- nel 99% dei casi è illegale, ma se qualcuno ha installato l'impianto su di un veicolo con permesso di trasporto potenzialmente esplosivo non corre rischi...

poi beh il costo è legato agli usi che uno se ne vuol fare... se avessi specificato, t avrei detto d meglio...
comunque prima d postare certe cose t dovresti informare... non s può parlare d tutto, specie in un forum dove il pubblico comprende un range d età così vasto... va beh

[Sedobren Gocce]

1) Nitrous oxide is most commonly prepared by careful heating of ammonium nitrate, which decomposes into nitrous oxide and water vapor.

NH4NO3(s) → 2 H2O(g) + N2O(g)

The addition of various phosphates favors formation of a purer gas at slightly lower temperatures.

This reaction occurs between 170 - 240°C, temperatures where ammonium nitrate is a moderately sensitive explosive and a very powerful oxidizer.

At temperatures much above 240 °C the exothermic reaction may accelerate to the point of detonation. Overheated steam is used to reach the temperature in some production plants.

The mixture must be cooled to avoid such a disaster.
In practice, the reaction involves a series of tedious adjustments to control the temperature to within a narrow range. Professionals have destroyed whole neighborhoods by losing control (of the temperature and pressure in the ammonium nitrate retorts) in commercial scale processes.

Downstream, the hot, corrosive mixture of gases must be cooled to condense the steam and filtered to remove higher oxides of nitrogen.

Also ammonium nitrate smoke, in an extremely persistent colloid will likely have to be removed.
The cleanup is often done in a train of 3 gas washes; namely base, acid and base again.
Any significant amounts of nitric oxide (NO) may not necessarily be absorbed directly by the base (sodium hydroxide) washes.
The nitric oxide impurity is sometimes chelated out with ferrous sulfate, reduced with iron metal, or oxidised and absorbed in base as a higher oxide. The first base wash may (or may not) react out much of the ammonium nitrate smoke, however this reaction generates ammonia gas, which may have to be absorbed in the acid wash.

2) The direct oxidation of ammonia may someday rival the ammonium nitrate pyrolysis synthesis of nitrous oxide mentioned above. This capital-intensive process, which originates in Japan, uses a manganese dioxide-bismuth oxide catalyst:

2 NH3 + 2 O2 → N2O + 3 H2O

Higher oxides of nitrogen are formed as impurities.
In comparison, uncatalyzed ammonia oxidation (i.e. combustion or explosion) goes primarily to N2 and H2O.

3) Nitrous oxide can be made by heating a solution of sulfamic acid and nitric acid. A lot of gas was made this way in Bulgaria.

HNO3 + NH2SO3H → N2O + H2SO4 + H2O

There is no explosive hazard in this reaction if the mixing rate is controlled. However, as usual, toxic higher oxides of nitrogen form.

4) Nitrous oxide is produced in large volumes as a by-product in the synthesis of adipic acid; one of the two reactants used in nylon manufacture.

This might become a major commercial source, but will require the removal of higher oxides of nitrogen and organic impurities.

Currently much of the gas is decomposed before release for environmental protection.
Greener processes may prevail that substitute hydrogen peroxide for nitric acid oxidation; hence no generation of oxide of nitrogen by-products.

5) Hydroxylammonium chloride can react with sodium nitrite to produce N2O as well:

NH3OH+Cl− + NaNO2 → N2O + NaCl + H2O

If the nitrite is added to the hydroxylamine solution, the only remaining byproduct is salt water. However, if the hydroxylamine solution is added to the nitrite solution (nitrite is in excess), then toxic higher oxides of nitrogen are also formed.

[KristaL*]

1) Nitrous oxide is most commonly prepared by careful heating of ammonium nitrate, which decomposes into nitrous oxide and water vapor.

NH4NO3(s) → 2 H2O(g) + N2O(g)

The addition of various phosphates favors formation of a purer gas at slightly lower temperatures.

This reaction occurs between 170 - 240°C, temperatures where ammonium nitrate is a moderately sensitive explosive and a very powerful oxidizer.

At temperatures much above 240 °C the exothermic reaction may accelerate to the point of detonation. Overheated steam is used to reach the temperature in some production plants.

The mixture must be cooled to avoid such a disaster.
In practice, the reaction involves a series of tedious adjustments to control the temperature to within a narrow range. Professionals have destroyed whole neighborhoods by losing control (of the temperature and pressure in the ammonium nitrate retorts) in commercial scale processes.

Downstream, the hot, corrosive mixture of gases must be cooled to condense the steam and filtered to remove higher oxides of nitrogen.

Also ammonium nitrate smoke, in an extremely persistent colloid will likely have to be removed.
The cleanup is often done in a train of 3 gas washes; namely base, acid and base again.
Any significant amounts of nitric oxide (NO) may not necessarily be absorbed directly by the base (sodium hydroxide) washes.
The nitric oxide impurity is sometimes chelated out with ferrous sulfate, reduced with iron metal, or oxidised and absorbed in base as a higher oxide. The first base wash may (or may not) react out much of the ammonium nitrate smoke, however this reaction generates ammonia gas, which may have to be absorbed in the acid wash.

2) The direct oxidation of ammonia may someday rival the ammonium nitrate pyrolysis synthesis of nitrous oxide mentioned above. This capital-intensive process, which originates in Japan, uses a manganese dioxide-bismuth oxide catalyst:

2 NH3 + 2 O2 → N2O + 3 H2O

Higher oxides of nitrogen are formed as impurities.
In comparison, uncatalyzed ammonia oxidation (i.e. combustion or explosion) goes primarily to N2 and H2O.

3) Nitrous oxide can be made by heating a solution of sulfamic acid and nitric acid. A lot of gas was made this way in Bulgaria.

HNO3 + NH2SO3H → N2O + H2SO4 + H2O

There is no explosive hazard in this reaction if the mixing rate is controlled. However, as usual, toxic higher oxides of nitrogen form.

4) Nitrous oxide is produced in large volumes as a by-product in the synthesis of adipic acid; one of the two reactants used in nylon manufacture.

This might become a major commercial source, but will require the removal of higher oxides of nitrogen and organic impurities.

Currently much of the gas is decomposed before release for environmental protection.
Greener processes may prevail that substitute hydrogen peroxide for nitric acid oxidation; hence no generation of oxide of nitrogen by-products.

5) Hydroxylammonium chloride can react with sodium nitrite to produce N2O as well:

NH3OH+Cl− + NaNO2 → N2O + NaCl + H2O

If the nitrite is added to the hydroxylamine solution, the only remaining byproduct is salt water. However, if the hydroxylamine solution is added to the nitrite solution (nitrite is in excess), then toxic higher oxides of nitrogen are also formed.

è in inglese, è incomprensibile, è lungo.
mi verrebbe da dire "ok, basta guardare le immagini"...ma d'oh -.-'

[Cimis]

Insomma facevi tanto il prezioso ma alla fine l'hai detto come si fa